![]() The style spread first through the comarcas of Madrid of the Sierra de Guadarrama, located within the catchment area of the Monastery of El Escorial, through two ways: works directly funded by the Royal Family and those promoted by the Guadarraman municipalities. To this contributed also the fact that Juan de Herrera was appointed in 1579 Inspector of Monuments of the Crown. The sociopolitical impact meant the construction of the Monastery of El Escorial (1563–1584) facilitated its expansion. ![]() The Herrerian style was the official architecture of the Habsburgs, from the reign of Philip II. In the painting the Calle de Alcalá in 1750 by Antonio Joli. Historical development Previously the city of Madrid was full of Herrerian buildings. From a sociological standpoint, this sobriety is a response to Protestantism, in line with the guidelines set by the Council of Trent (1545–1563). In regard to decorative applications, these reduce the use of basic geometric shapes such as spheres and pyramids. It is, in most cases, works of great size, imposing in its environment and impress with its austere and monumental air. This is the case of the model used in the construction of parish churches, with great façades, quadrangular towers and heavy buttresses. In general, they have wooden roofs clad on the outside with slate and lateral towers, finished off in conical or pyramidal quadrangular spiers finished in points, known as Madrid-style spiers or simply as Madrid spire, which introduce an element of verticality and magnificence, to the time that helps to reinforce the feeling of symmetry.Īt other cases, not looking both the horizontal and the bulkiness, which is reached through the geometrical design of the various architectural elements. Herrerian buildings stand out for their severe horizontality, achieved thanks to the balance of shapes, preferably cubic, that are arranged symmetrically in the structure. Is also known as Escorial style, referring to the building that serves as best example for the architectural style. The Herrerian architecture, or Herrerian style is characterized by its geometric rigor, the mathematical relation between the various architectural features, the clean volumes, the dominance of the wall over the span and the almost total absence of decoration, which is why in time was called estilo desornamentado ("unornamented style). ![]() Its main representatives are the aforementioned Herrera, to whom the style owes its name, and Francisco de Mora (1553–1610), Herrera's disciple and architect of the Ducal Palace of Lerma and other key works of Herrerian architecture. It originated with the construction of the Monastery of El Escorial (San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Community of Madrid) and, more specifically, with the reorganization of the project made by Cantabrian architect Juan de Herrera (1530–1597), after the death of Juan Bautista de Toledo (1515–1567), author of the first design. Purism in turn had given way to the geometric simplicity of the Herrerian style. The ornate Plateresque style had given way to classical Purism in the second third of the 16th century. It corresponds to the third and final stage of Spanish Renaissance architecture, whose dominant trend had been towards austerity and minimal decoration. The Herrerian style ( Spanish: estilo herreriano or arquitectura herreriana) of architecture was developed in Spain during the last third of the 16th century under the reign of Philip II (1556–1598), and continued in force in the 17th century, but transformed by the Baroque style of the time. UNESCO World Heritage Puebla Cathedral is an example of Herrerian style in Mexico. Hospital de San Agustín in El Burgo de Osma, Province of Soria, built between 16. ![]() Casa consistorial de Toledo in Toledo, Castile-La Mancha, built between 15. Architectural style in Renaissance Spain Herrerian façade of the Monastery of El Escorial.
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